This book is the thirty-third volume in the "Philosophy of Russia of the first half of the 20th century" series. It traces the life and intellectual trajectories of three European thinkers with Russian roots: A. Koyré, A. Kojève, and I. Berlin. It explores their methodological strategies, explains the cultural and existential premises of their thinking styles that enabled them to succeed and gain recognition as European philosophers, traces their intellectual links with Russia, and reflects on the importance of Russian intellectual (...) culture for these thinkers and for twentieth-century European philosophy as a whole. The book is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in philosophy, social and political thought, and the intellectual history of the Russian exiles of the first half of the 20th century. (shrink)

Open peer commentary on the article “Designing Academic Conferences in the Light of Second-Order Cybernetics” by Laurence D. Richards. Upshot: I propose that a lack of a common ground or culture of understanding is a design flaw in academic conferences that creates opportunities for violent reactions. I suggest that an additional or revised design principle or praxis should be considered through application of second-order cybernetics.

The subject of this paper is the integrity of nature over time—‘diachronic integrity’. The argument of the parer is that any serious attempt to address conservation problems—the kinds of problems faced by environmental managers the world over, needs to operate with an eye to some principle of diachronic integrity. Whilst acknowledging that applying the principle is largely a matter of experience and judgement, we argue that it applies equally both to human and to natural history.

A discussion of egoism and altruism as related both to ethical theory and moral psychology. Williams considers and rejects various arguments for and against the existence of egoistic motives and the rationality of someone motivated by self-interest. He ultimately attempts to give a more Humean defense of altruism, as opposed to the more Kantian defenses found in Thomas Nagel, for example.

This is the first in a series of papers in which a method of harmonic analysis in terms of functions over the groupSU(2) is applied to the description of interaction between matter and the electromagnetic field. Carmeli'sSU(2) formulation of Maxwell's equations is extended to anSU(2) formulation of the equations for the electromagnetic vector potential. The four functions which describe the vector potential are expanded in a generalized Fourier series [SU(2) harmonic analysis] and the equations for the coefficients are derived. These (...) equations are not independent of each other, but in a given order they can be solved consecutively one at a time. (shrink)

Мета. Головний зміст представленого дослідження складає філософсько-антропологічний аналіз проблеми пам’яті в контексті феномену забуття, суттєвих факторів ствердження нового образу української людини, її національної пам’яті та ідентичності. Вказана обставина, у ситуації оборони України від російського агресора, відстоювання свобод і європейських цінностей, ставить такі завдання: 1) здійснити послідовний огляд концептуального змісту понять "пам’ять" та "забуття" і виявити їх філософсько-антропологічний зміст; 2) провести аналіз феномену національної пам’яті та показати її значення для боротьби українського народу за європейський вибір; 3) дослідити основні параметри процесу формування (...) системи нових цінностей у контексті феномену забуття в дискурсі філософської антропології. Теоретичний базис. Складний і динамічний процес формування української ідентичності в контекстах національної пам’яті і забуття виводить систему цінностей життя на новий рівень теоретико-методологічного осмислення. Філософсько-антропологічний вимір цінностей сучасної української людини дозволяє залучити методологічні дискурси memory studies, які є способом конструювання людьми свого історичного минулого в перспективі створення нового майбутнього в цілісності аксіологічного, морального та екзистенційного змісту. Актуальність поставленої проблеми обумовлена кризою світоглядно-культурних смислів буття людини в умовах війни, процеси якої здійснюють потужний вплив на всі аспекти соціального, політичного, духовного життя, що зрештою призводить до необхідності нового типу спілкування, мислення й поведінки. Наукова новизна. Обґрунтовано, що феномен забуття в контексті формування нової національної пам’яті в значній мірі визначає стратегію ствердження української ідентичності в умовах сучасних цивілізаційних викликів, які постали перед Україною в результаті військової агресії проти її свободи і територіальної цілісності. Ця ситуація відкриває нові перспективи формування цивілізаційної системи цінностей у взаємодії з якісно іншим образом української людини. Висновки. Сьогодні українська держава перебуває перед екзистенціальною загрозою, що актуалізує проблему творення нової української людини, світогляд і система цінностей якої відповідають образу європейської людини. Незважаючи на серйозні проблеми, які постали перед Україною в результаті геополітичних суперечностей світового масштабу, філософсько-антропологічний аналіз показав, що стратегія формування нової української ідентичності в контексті історичної пам’яті, яка містить елемент забуття, обумовлює процес творення менталітету, що відповідає національній стратегії входження в західну цивілізацію. Саме в параметрах такого аналізу здійснюється формування нової пам’яті, адекватної запитам сучасності. (shrink)

Localised configurations of the free electromagnetic field are constructed, possessing properties of massive, spinning, relativistic particles. In an inertial frame, each configuration travels in a straight line at constant speed, less than the speed of lightc, while slowly spreading. It eventually decays into pulses of radiation travelling at speedc. Each configuration has a definite rest mass and internal angular momentum, or spin. Each can be of “electric” or “magnetic” type, according as the radial component of the magnetic or electric field (...) vanishes in the rest frame, and each has an “antiparticle.” Any such configuration, of electric or magnetic type, is characterized in part by a set of labels (κ, ω0, σ,l, m), where ω0 is the mean of the angular frequencies of the plane waves making up the configuration, σ is the variance of those frequencies, κ is a positive constant with dimensions of action, andl, m are angular momentum “quantum numbers” withl a positive integer andm an integer such that ‖m‖≤l. The rest energy of the “particle” is κω0, its spin is κ ‖m‖, and its lifetime is of the order of 1/σ. Its antiparticle has ω0 replaced by −ω0. (shrink)

The problem of creativity institutionalization at the university entails an identification and building a model of interrelated socio-epistemic structures, functionally ensuring creative activities of a heterogeneous subject of cognition in line with the university’s academic missions. The paper gives a socio-philosophical analysis of transformation of the creative-type cognitive relationship in the process of University 3.0 historical development. The author classifies the approaches to the definition of creative spaces and outlines the main provisions of the author’s concept of creativity institutionalization in (...) a modern university. It is shown that the creative function of a modern university develops under the influence of public expectations, economic conditions and new technologies that call for effective educational environments, innovative learning methods, new forms of literacy. The author distinguishes four historical stages in the University 2.0, which differ in types of creative activity of a subject of cognition with respect to learning and research: education as the comprehension of truth, conjunction of research and teaching, conjunction of research and learning, learning through scientific researches. It is shown that University 3.0 takes its origin at the end of the 20th century as a result of commercialization of scientific researches, where scientific- and socialentrepreneurial creativities are added to various types of educational and scientific-research creativity. The paper presents the approaches to conceptualization of creative spaces at the University: environment model, model of cognitive processes, complex “environment as a mode of cognition” model. The concept of generativity is a core element of the author’s model of creative space, which is applied as a social-epistemological characteristic to the processes of learning and the environment of cognition. The creative space is deemed as a cognitive-generative system that interconnects creative-type cognitive processes with the cognitively active environment. (shrink)

We show that it is possible to consider parity and time reversal, as basic geometric symmetry operations, as being absolutely conserved. The observations of symmetry-violating pseudoscalar quantities can be attributed to the fact that some particles, due to their internal structure, are not eigenstates of parity or CP, and there is no reason that they should be. In terms of a model it is shown how, in spite of this, pseudoscalar terms are small in strong interactions. The neutrino plays an (...) essential role in these considerations. (shrink)

Greek literature embodies a number of instances of the optative in main clauses that are acknowledged either definitely or probably to have a reference to past time. These are mostly well known, but the object of this article is to reconsider them and to attempt an explanation. They are certainly commonest in the Homeric period, but later examples are by no means wanting.

The mathematical and physical aspects of the conformal symmetry of space-time and of physical laws are analyzed. In particular, the group classification of conformally flat space-times, the conformal compactifications of space-time, and the problem of imbedding of the flat space-time in global four-dimensional curved spaces with non-trivial topological and geometrical structure are discussed in detail. The wave equations on the compactified space-times are analyzed also, and the set of their elementary solutions constructed. Finally, the implications of global compactified space-times for (...) cosmology are discussed. It is argued that the recent discovery of periodic structure of matter distribution on large distances strongly suggests that the global cosmological space-time should be close. Next we analyze the inflation scalar field in the inflationary model of universe evolution considered on the spatially compact Robertson-Walker space-time. It is shown that the energy distribution in this model is periodic and the periods and density decrease with increasing distance, in striking agreement with experimental data. Our model of the universe also provides a definite predictions for the energy distribution, polar and azimuthal, considered as a function of angles θ and φ. These predictions should be tested with the new astronomical data. (shrink)

v. 1 Na antiguidade e na Idade Média.--v. 2. A civilização do homem-exterior.

The single postulate of Coulomb-Clausius potential between charges allows one to derive all of Maxwell's equations with an explicit form for polarizability.

The “theorems” showing the impossibility of ascribing to individual quantum systems a definite value of a set of observables, not necessarily commuting,1–4 are based on the tacit assumption that eachindividual spin component has a discrete dichotomic value. We show explicitly that it is possible to introduce continuous hidden variables for individual spins which avoid these quantum paradoxes without changing any of the observed quantum mechanical results.